Understanding Causes and Effects of ADD/ADHD

The exact causes of ADHD are not know yet. Itmedications are methylphenidate (Ritalin,
is known that ADHD is connected to the brain'sConcerta), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine),
neurotransmitters. Chemicals that the brain usespemoline (Cylert), atomoxetine (Strattera) and
are called neurotransmitters. Two of theseAdderall- which a combination drug. The effects of
chemicals are called dopamine and norepinephrine.these drugs are seen in the patient's increased
When a child's dopamine and norepinephrine levelsattention and focus or concentration. A decrease
are abnormal, they have ADHD. These abnormalin impulsive or hyperactive behavior can also be
levels can be caused by both environmental andseen. These drugs should only be used with
biological factors.doctor's advice and recommendation.
Factors that can cause ADHD are: prenatalHow can I help my child? Children with ADHD are
exposure to tobacco smoke, whether by thein need for more structure and clearer
mother or surrounding smokers, premature birth,expectations. The parents, teachers and doctors
lead poisoning, a mother using drugs and alcohol,need to work as a team giving the child the best
malnutrition, low iron or high blood lead in earlycare. The family will benefit from talking with
development stages. If the child has had a seriousspecialist in ADHD behavior and learning problems.
brain infection or brain trauma, these can beCounseling or structured (behavioral) therapy will
causes as well.be helpful for some children. Talk with your doctor
ADHD can be treated with medication thatto come up with a suitable plan to help your child.
controls symptoms. The most common